Acne

Patient with Acne
Acne
Acne is a common chronic disorder affecting the hair follicle and sebaceous gland, in which there is expansion and blockage of the follicle and inflammation.
Acne affects males and females of all races and ethnicities. It is prevalent in adolescents and young adults, with 85% of 16 to 18 year-olds affected. However, it may sometimes occur in children and adults of all ages.
Causes of Acne
Acne is due to a combination of factors. The exact mechanisms are not fully understood.
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Familial tendency
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Endogenous and exogenous androgenic hormones
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Acne bacteria
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Innate immune activation with inflammatory mediators
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Distension and occlusion of the hair follicles
Acne Treatment
Some treatment options are listed:
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Topical anti-acne agents, such as benzoyl peroxide, azelaic acid, and tretinoin or adapalene gel. New bioactive proteins may also prove successful.
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Low-dose combined oral contraceptive
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Antiseptic or keratolytic washes containing salicylic acid
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As for mild acne plus a tetracycline such as doxycycline 50–200 mg daily for 6 months or so
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Erythromycin or trimethoprim if doxycycline intolerant
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Antiandrogen therapy with long-term cyproterone acetate + ethinylestradiol or spironolactone may be considered in women not responding to low-dose combined oral contraceptive, particularly for women with polycystic ovaries
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Isotretinoin is often used if acne is persistent or treatment-resistant
Ask your Dermatologist more about these conditions